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SEPTEMBER   1904 


Dental  Cosnoi 

A  Monthi:y  Record 

or 

Denial  Science 

DevoiedioiheLieresis  o/^tieT^ro^ssiou 

EDITED  BY 

EDW^^D  C.KIRK,D.D.5.,5c.D. 


OBSE^FIVE        J^        REFLECT 


fubushed  by 

TfiE5,5.  Vbite  Dental  Manufacturing  Co. 

CBBSTNUT  SX^  CCK.  TWELFTH,  PratAI>ELl»HIA., 


BRANCHEi 


NEW  YORK  I  /  *'  '•  •"'J^«~Un"'»'  Squire,  We»t  ROCHESTER  :  S07-SIS  Ch.mberof  Comraert* 

I  Wlndtor  Arcade,  stb  Ave.  and  47tb  St.  NEW  ORLEANS :  8io>6is  HIberola  BnlldlBg, 
BOSTON :  lao  Boyltton  Street  cor.  Car ondelet  and  Qravler  StreeU 

CHICAGO  :  Randolph  St.,  cor.  Wabaih  A  v«.  BERLIN  (Ger. )  i  Lladenatraise  37 

BROOKLYN  :  356  and  3S8  Fultoo  Street  BUENOS  AIRES  (R.  A.) ;  Calle  Victoria  jje 

ATLANTA:  Prudeotlal  Building  ST.  PETERSBURO  iRuala):  Marikal*  ai 
TORONTO  (Canada):  no  and  iij  Victoria  Street 


Triet,  ti.oo  a  year,  in  adbane*.    Single  Copitt,  to  etnu 


enter«<]  at  cbe  Poat-Offlce  at  Pblladelphla.  Pa.,  as  second-claaa  matter 


®bp 


i|t0t0rg  0f  a  I|t0l0rg 


SOUVENI  R 


Fourth   International    Dental   Congress 
St.  Louis,  Mo. 

August  29  —  September  3,   1904 


TH  E 


Dental  Cosmos. 


4   ^ 

T  has  been  truly  said  that  the  College, 
the  Association,  and  the  Journal  con- 
stitute the  tripod  upon  which  the 
profession  of  dentistry  is  founded. 
To  these  factors  it  owes  its  origin 
and  its  continued  existence  as  a  professional 
body. 

The  year  1839,  the  natal  year  of  the  pro- 
fession of  dentistry,  witnessed  the  founding  of 
the  Baltimore  College  of  Dental  Surgery,  the 
first  dental  educational  institution  in  the  world, 
and  also  the  first  issue  of  the  "American  Jour- 
nal of  Dental  Science,"  together  with  the 
founding  of  the  American  Society  of  Dental 
Surgeons, — the  first  dental  journal  and  first 
dental  association  respectively. 


Previous  to  the  organization  of  these  impor- 
tant professional  enterprises  the  practice  of 
dentistry  was  in  a  chaotic  state,  methods  were 
crude,  and  the  technical  knowledge  both  of 
dental  art  and  of  dental  pathology  and  thera- 
peutics was  extremely  meager;  science  in  the 
modern  meaning  of  the  term  was  unknown; 
secrecy  regarding  methods  of  practice  was  the 
general  rule;  each  practitioner,  feeling  that  he 
held  the  knowledge  of  his  art  by  proprietary 
right,  demanded  a  substantial  compensation 
for  imparting  it  to  those  who  desired  to  enter 
upon  dental  practice.  There  was  little  or  no 
interchange  of  professional  thought  among 
practitioners,  and  there  were  no  means  of 
dental  education  other  than  by  the  apprentice- 
ship system. 

Charlatanism  under  these  conditions  was  rife 
and  became  so  offensive  to  the  more  liberal 
and  high-minded  that  a  considerable  number  of 
men  of  eminence  and  professional  character, 
deploring  the  degraded  state  of  their  calling, 
sought  to  rescue  it  from  its  unsatisfactory  posi- 
tion and  place  it  upon  a  sound  professional 
basis.  Their  efforts  resulted  in  the  establish- 
ing in  1839  of  the  three  great  fundamental 
factors  referred  to. 


It  would  be  a  useless  task  to  critically  ana- 
lyze the  relative  importance  to  dentistry  of 
the  work  of  the  college,  the  association,  and 
the  journal  respectively.  Each  is  essential  to 
professional  growth  and  each  fulfillsli  different 
though  equally  important  function  as  a  mem- 
ber of  the  body  professional,  but  it  is  with 
the  journal  particularly  that  we  are  here  con- 
cerned. 

The  function  of  the  journal  is  essentially 
educational ;  it  is  the  means  by  which  technical 
information  is  disseminated  among  the  pro- 
fession so  that  the  thought  of  the  few  is  dis- 
tributed to  the  mass.  It  fulfills  or  should  ful- 
fill in  a  large  degree  the  function  of  a  post- 
graduate instructor  to  the  practitioner  by  keep- 
ing him  in  touch  with  the  latest  advancements 
wherever  made  in  his  field  of  work. 

As  the  profession  of  dentistry  has  developed 
so  has  its  periodical  literature  kept  pace  with 
each  advance,  until  the  monthly  output  of  up- 
wards of  about  seventy-five  dental  journals 
now  published  constitutes  an  enormous  cir- 
culating library  of  current  dental  knowledge 
quite  apart  from  the  thousands  of  volumes  of 
standard  literature  now  published  on  the  same 
subject. 


(She  Anrrstnr. 

Among  the  early  pioneers  in  periodical 
dental  literature  was  the  "Dental  News  Let- 
ter" issued  in  1847  by  the  supply  house  of 
Jones,  White  &  Co.,  of  Philadelphia  and  New 
York.  Its  contemporary  publications  were  the 
''American  Journal  of  Dental  Science,"  issued 
in  June  1839;  "Stockton's  Dental  hitelli- 
gencer,"  published  by  S.  W.  Stockton  &  Co., 
Philadelphia,  in  1845;  the  "New  York  Dental 
Recorder,"  by  C.  C.  Allen,  New  York;  the 
"Dental  Register  of  the  West,"  a  quarterly 
publication  under  the  auspices  of  the  Missis- 
sippi Valley  Association  of  Dental  Surgeons 
in  1847,  and  two  or  three  dental  advertising 
sheets  of  minor  importance. 

As  illustrative  of  the  interest  exhibited  by 
dental  practitioners  in  the  dental  journals  of 
the  period  it  is  interesting  to  note  that  the 
circulation  reached  by  the  "American  Journal 
of  Dental  Science"  at  the  time  of  issue  of  the 
fourth  number  was  511  copies  to  174  sub- 
scribers. 

The  profession  was  in  its  infancy,  the  ideas 

6 


of  co-operation  and  esprit  de  corps  were  in- 
novations whicli  though  attractive  to  the  few- 
had  not  infused  their  energizing  influence 
among  dentists  generally.  There  was  no  well- 
organized  government  postal  system  and  the 
means  of  intercommunication  were  defective, 
hence  the  journal  had  to  make  its  way  slowly 
toward  that  status  in  the  professional  mind 
which  later  recognized  it  as  a  necessity  of  equal 
importance  with  the  technical  armamentarium. 
The  ''Dental  News  Letter"  made  its  first 
appearance  in  October  1847,  as  a  quarterh- 
publication  of  sixteen  pages  under  the  editor- 
ship of  J.  R.  McCurdy,  a  member  of  the  firm 
of  Jones,  White  &  Co.,  its  publishers.  The 
annual  price  of  subscription  was  fifty  cents. 
The  following,  taken  from  its  "Salutatory," 
sets  forth  the  motive  for  its  publication,  viz: 

'"I St.  That  the  profession  both  in  the  United 
States  and  Europe  may  be  informed  of  the  im- 
provements which  have  been  and  are  now  being 
made  in  the  manufacture  of  artificial  teeth,  the 
various  tools  and  aids  in  the  workshop  and  instru- 
ments for  the  operating  room. 

"2d.  To  bring  before  the  profession  all  that 
is  new  in  the  theory  and  practice  of  Dentistry, 
through  the  medium  of  original  communications, 
essays    from    old    and    young    practitioners,    colla- 


tions    from    authors,    and    items    of    news    on    all 
subjects   relating  to   Dentistry.'' 

This  would  seem  to  have  been  a  somewhat 
ambitious  scope  to  be  covered  by  a  sixteen- 
page  quarterly,  as  the  publishers  evidently 
found  to  be  the  case  from  further  ex- 
perience, for  the  journal  was  progressively 
enlarged  through  24,  32,  48,  64,  to  80  pages 
in  the  ninth  volume,  which  size  was  main- 
tained until  the  close  of  its  publication  by 
merger  in  the  "Dental  Cosmos." 

The  "Dental  News  Letter"  quickly  achieved 
an  honorable  place  among  its  contemporaries. 
While  its  local  support  was  perhaps  the  most 
important,  it  exerted  a  wide  sphere  of  influence 
by  reason  of  the  able  corps  of  contributors 
who  furnished  articles  for  its  pages,  prominent 
among  whom  were  J.  F.  B.  Flagg,  Elisha 
Townsend,  S.  P.  Hullihen,  Louis  Jack,  Robert 
Arthur,  T.  L.  Buckingham,  C.  N.  Peirce, 
Thos.  W.  Evans,  J.  H.  McQuillen,  J.  De- 
Haven  White,  and  many  others,  hi  1853  Dr. 
J.  DeHaven  White  became  its  chief  editor  in 
collaboration  with  its  former  editor,  J.  K. 
McCurdy,  the  increasing  importance  of  the 
publication    and    the    added    editorial    labor 

8 


rendering"  the  change  necessary.  Under  this 
new  management  the  "News  Letter"  developed 
rapidly  and  vigorously.  The  new  editor-in- 
chief,  occupying  a  position  of  commanding 
importance  as  an  authority  on  dental  matters 
and  possessing  an  aggressive  personality,  insti- 
tuted a  vigorous  policy  in  the  conduct  of  the 
journal,  with  the  result  that  with  the  enlarging 
interest  in  dental  matters  generally  a  more 
frequent  and  larger  means  of  expression  than 
was  afforded  by  a  quarterly  publication  be- 
came necessary. 

Itrlh  of  tbr  "  Srnlal  QIosmoB." 

The  demands  of  the  enlarged  situation  were 
met  by  the  publication  August  1,  1859,  of 
the  first  number  of  the  "Dental  Cosmos" 
under  the  joint  editorship  of  J.  D.  White, 
D.D.S.,  J.  H.  McQuillen,  D.D.S.,  and  George 
J,  Ziegler,  M.D.,  the  first  as  editor-in-chief, 
the  second  in  charge  of  the  scientific  depart- 
ment, and  the  last  in  charge  of  such  medical 
subjects  as  had  a  bearing  upon  dental  practice. 
The  new  enterprise  was  one  of  high  aims 
and  breadth  of  scope.    The  twelve  years  of 


ripened  experience  which  had  resulted  from 

the  publication  of  the  "News  Letter"  brought 
to  the  editors  and  publishers  a  juster  apprecia- 
tion of  the  needs  of  dentistry  from  the  journal- 
istic side,  and  a  clearer  comprehension  of  the 
possibilities  of  dental  progress  toward  higher 
ideals. 

Those  who  stood  as  sponsors  for  this  new 
candidate  for  professional  favor  gave  it  a  desig- 
nation clearly  indicating  its  scope  of  action, 
and  sent  it  forth  into  the  world  of  dentistry 
with  their  personal  warrant  to  its  birthright  ex- 
pressed in  terms  which  admit  no  doubt  as  to 
their  high  purpose,  and  which  have  ever  since 
remained  as  the  animating  motive  of  the 
"Dental  Cosmos." 

This  was  its  baptism: 

''Dentistry  is  a  science,  and  its  cultivation,  in 
all  forms,  is  necessarily  systematic.  A  dental 
journal,  well  adapted  to  its  use,  must  be  sedu- 
lously attentive  to  the  gathering  and  effective 
presentment  of  the  constant  accumulations  of  new 
facts  and  new  and  useful  views  daily  developing 
themselves  in  general  practice.  If  any  source  of 
improvement  can  be  rightly  esteemed  more  valu- 
able than  another,  this  is  the  one  entitled  to  such 
preference.  This  department  of  the  paper  will 
be  carefully  cultivated,   well  managed,   and  fairly 

II 


and  honorably  administered  by  the  gentleman  to 
whom  the  charge  is   specially  committed. 

''Dental  literature,  in  all  the  forms  in  which  it 
flows  from  the  press,  demands  such  selection, 
criticism,  and  condensation  as  shall  best  afford 
its  spirit  and  worth  for  practical  and  theoretic 
uses.  This  department,  committed  to  eminently 
competent  hands,  we  can  also  promise  will  be  well 
kept  up ;  and  care  will  be  taken  in  translation, 
selection,  and  abridgment  to  secure  a  transfusion 
of  all  that  is  best  in  the  publications  of  our  own 
country,  England,  and  the  Continent.  We  are 
willing  to  invite  high  expectations  in  this  respect, 
feeling  certain  of  meeting  them  satisfactorily. 

"The  range  of  the  other  chief  division  of  the 
work  is  rich  in  capabilities  of  service  to  the  zeal- 
ous cultivators  of  dental  science.  General  medi- 
cine, surgery,  and  their  associate  sciences  have 
much  available  aid  to  afford  our  specialty,  and  the 
editor  of  this  department  will  do  it  ample  justice. 

"Our  plan  has  these  general  features,  and  the 
aim  is  to  bring  them  out  fully  and  effectively.  It 
will  be  made  to  embrace  in  its  details  all  the  useful 
facts  of  professional  experience  which  can  be 
gathered — all  the  improved  modes  of  ])ractice 
which  the  best  heads  and  hands  arc  constantly 
developing;  the  chemistry,  metallurgy,  and  me- 
chanics of  the  art,  in  whatever  they  are  useful  or 
promising;  and  along  with  all  this,  due  place  will 
he  given  to  theory,  discussion,  criticism,  to  history, 
biography,  and  l)ibliography,  as  they  can  best  be 
l)lcnded   and   arrayfd    for  {jrofitaljlc   consideration. 

12 


GEO.   J.  ZIEGLER,   M.D. 


"A  good  deal  of  work  done  upon  a  great  deal 
of  matter  will  reduce  it  to  a  presentable  form  and 
convenient  compass.  We  shall  have  hands  and 
heads  enough  engaged  to  turn  out  their  work- 
clear,  compact,  and  comprehensive. 

''If  the  'Dental  Cosmos'  shall  tolerably  perform 
all  this  promise,  it  will  deserve  its  title — that  is. 
it  will  very  fairly  cover  the  dentist's  world  of 
science  and  practice — it  will  be  universal  in  the 
range  of  its  accommodated  application ;  and  it 
will  be  orderly  and  systematic  through  all  its  com- 
prehensiveness. The  meaning  of  the  title  is  ex- 
actly the  intention  of  the  publishers.  Both  the 
title  and  the  intention  would  be  too  limited  if 
they  had  less  scope;  and  the  publication  would  be 
a  failure  if  it  fell  short  of  either.  Our  readers, 
we  are  well  assured,  will  not  make  the  mistake 
of  excepting  to  the  largeness  of  either  aim  or 
name — they  will  reserve  their  censure  for  the  non- 
fulfilment,  if  it  should  happen,  but  which  we 
intend  to  prevent,  and  so  escape  it. 

"The  'Dental  Cosmos'  is  pledged  to  the  dental 
public  to  do  whatever  a  journal  can,  for  the 
good  cause  of  professional  improvement — for  the 
profession's  advancement  in  its  usefulness,  self- 
respect,  and  public  regard,  and  for  strengthening 
fraternal  courtesy,  justice,  and  co-operation  among 
the  men  who  have  the  destiny  and  responsibility 
of  the  profession  in  their  hands." 

The  new  journal  was  received  with  favor 
both  in  America  and  in  Europe,  and  by  reason 

14 


of  the  professional  standing  of  its  editorial 
staff,  together  with  the  character  of  the  matter 
which  appeared  in  its  pages,  it  soon  came  to  be 
recognized  as  a  standard  authority  in  dental 
matters  and  an  important  factor  in  the  de- 
velopment and  shaping  of  dental  professional 
policy. 

Dr.  J.  D.  White  continued  as  editor-in-chief 
of  the  "Dental  Cosmos"  until  July  1865.  In 
retiring  from  his  official  connection  he  made 
the  following  statement  in  his  valedictory, 
which  will  give  some  indication  of  the  part 
being  performed  by  the  "Dental  Cosmos"  at 
that  time: 

"For  the  publisher  I  can  say  that  his  course 
has  been  marked  throughout,  up  to  this  time, 
with  the  most  hberal  disposition  to  favor  the 
interchange  of  opinion  and  experience  of  every 
member  of  our  noble  art ;  and  but  for  that,  and 
other  journals  under  similar  circumstances,  God 
only  knows  what  would  have  been  the  condition 
of  our  profession  at  the  present  time.  No  jour- 
nal has  yet,  in  our  profession,  been  self-sustaining; 
and  without  the  combined  interest  of  those  en- 
gaged in  other  branches  of  our  art,  other  than 
the  office  practitioner,  where  now  would  our 
science  and  our  literature  have  stood?" 


15 


There  is  every  reason  to  believe  that  the 
statements  just  quoted  are  a  true  retlex  of  the 
conditions  of  the  period  in  which  they  were 
written,  and  correctly  portray  the  dental  jour- 
nal not  only  as  a  recorder  of  current  events, 
but  as  the  standard-bearer  of  professional  ad- 
vancement, and  an  important  means  in  shap- 
ing its  policy  and  ideals. 


Dr.  J.  H.  McQuillen,  well  and  favorably 
known  throughout  the  world  of  dentistry  as 
a  teacher,  investigator,  a  writer  of  ability,  and 
practitioner  of  high  skill,  was  called  to  the 
chief  editorship  upon  the  retirement  of  his  pre- 
decessor. A  man  of  high  scientitic  attainment, 
great  breadth  of  intellect,  an  unbounded  and 
sympathetic  interest  in  all  that  concerned  the 
welfare  of  his  chosen  profession,  he  brought 
to  bear  upon  the  conduct  of  the  "Dental  Cos- 
mos" his  best  energies  and  ripened  judgment, 
so  that  under  his  able  editorial  management 
the  journal  quickly  achieved  an  enviable  repu- 
tation as  the  recognized  exponent  of  scientific 
dentistry,  and  gave  to  dentistry  itself  an  im- 

i6 


^^/^r^  '.^..a^^^. 


petus  toward  a  higher  professional  status 
which  it  would  be  difficult,  if  possible,  to  esti- 
mate. 

Much  of  the  work  done  by  Dr.  McQuillen 
as  editor  of  the  "Dental  Cosmos"  was  in  ad- 
vance of  the  thought  of  his  time.  His  clear 
vision  penetrated  the  future  to  an  extent  that 
enabled  him  to  foretell  the  lines  upon  which 
the  advancement  of  dentistry  was  most  surely 
to  proceed  toward  the  attainment  of  that 
standing  among  professional  callings  which  it 
was  destined  to  occupy,  and  our  evolution  has 
in  time  proved  the  accuracy  of  his  views.  On 
retiring  from  the  editorship,  in  January  1872, 
he  gave  in  his  valedictory  the  follov/ing  state- 
ment of  his  views  upon  the  basis  of  a  higher 
professional  standard  and  his  conception  of 
his  duty  as  an  editor: 

"In  the  discharge  of  the  editorial  duties,  the 
primary  object  has  been  the  elevation  of  the  pro- 
fessional standard  to  the  highest  possible  point 
of  excellence.  Recognizing  that  this  could  not  be 
promoted  by  harping  upon  a  single  theme,  the 
effort  has  been  made  through  the  medium  of  edi- 
torials and  other  communications  to  touch  every 
chord  likely  to  secure  a  response  tending  toward 
awakening  the  desire  for  self-culture,  which  is 
characteristic  of  the  age,   that  would   result  in   a 

i8 


broad  and  thorough,  rather  than  a  fractional  men- 
tal, development  on  the  part  of  members  of  the 
dental  profession,  so  that  as  a  body  it  could  bear 
a  favorable  comparison  with  other  liberal  profes- 
sions. To  this  end  a  thorough  academic  and  col- 
legiate education  has  been  insisted  upon  for  those 
who  desire  to  enter  the  ranks  of  the  profession, 
and  also  the  passage  of  laws  making  such  educa- 
tion not  a  matter  of  choice,  but  of  compulsion  on 
the  part  of  dental  students  before  they  can  engage 
in  practice.  All  efforts  at  reform  that  stop  short 
of  this  will  prove  futile,  and  the  laws  framed  for 
the  punishment  of  charlatans  will  be  of  no  avail 
so  long  as  the  road  by  which  quacks  can  enter 
the  profession  is  freely  open.  Prevention  is  al- 
ways better  than  cure,  and  in  this  matter  thorough 
education  is  the  only  reliable  remedy  both  as  a 
preventive  and  a  cure." 

The  third  of  a  century  which  has  intervened 
since  this  prophetic  utterance  was  made  has 
only  served  to  practically  enforce  its  accuracy. 
By  education  we  have  advanced,  and  when  the 
standards  of  attainment  above  suggested  by 
Dr.  McQuillen  shall  have  been  reached,  and 
safeguarded  by  wise  legislation,  then  indeed 
shall  we  have  achieved  the  goal  of  a  liberal 
and  learned  profession. 

Overburdened  by  the  cares  of  a  large  prac- 
tice and  the  arduous  duties  of  his  professorial 

19 


position  in  the  Philadelphia  Dental  College, 
Dr.  McQuillen  felt  compelled  to  relinquish  his 
editorial  work,  a  step  which  he  was  further 
impelled  to  take  in  order  to  secure  some  time 
for  original  research  in  his  chosen  field  of  den- 
tal   histology. 

ir.  Jl.  W,  WbxU  as  Izhxtar, 

He  was  succeeded  by  Dr.  James  W.  White, 
brother  of  the  well-known  publisher  of  the 
''Dental  Cosmos."  Dr.  White  had  from  the 
foundation  and  first  publication  of  the  "Cos- 
mos" taken  an  active  interest  in  the  work 
and  had  been  a  frequent  contributor  to  its 
pages.  A  man  of  rare  intellectual  qualities, 
keen  observation,  ripe  judgnient,  a  born 
teacher,  and  having  an  intimate  knowledge 
of  the  whole  life  of  the  dental  profession, 
so  to  speak,  he  quickly  became  the  guiding 
spirit  of  the  "Cosmos,"  giving  to  it  his  most 
devoted  care  and  attention.  It  was  his  proud 
boast  that  not  an  issue  of  the  magazine  ever 
appeared  that  he  had  not  personally  super- 
vised from  cover  to  cover.  His  editorial 
utterances  were  expressed  in  clear,  faultless 

21 


English  and  with  a  cogent  style  of  which 
he  was  a  master. 

Imbued  as  he  was  with  a  supreme  faith  in 
the  dignity  and  beneficence  of  dentistry  as 
a  profession,  he  was  always  its  doughty  cham- 
pion when  called  upon  to  speak  in  its  de- 
fense, and  the  ever-active  spur  to  a  higher 
and  broader  professionalism  for  our  calling. 
Though  not  himself  a  dentist,  his  life-long 
and  intimate  contact  with  every  phase  of  den- 
tistry made  him  master  of  it  in  all  respects 
save  that  of  the  practical  operative  side. 

Dr.  White  died  suddenly  on  May  27,  1891. 
Of  his  influence  upon  the  career  of  the  "Dental 
Cosmos"  his  biographer  has  said: 

"His  broad  knowledge,  his  exquisite  literary 
taste,  his  keen  insight,  his  rare  judgment,  were  in 
its  service  from  the  first,  ever  guiding  it  onward 
and  upward  to  the  ideal  of  perfect  journalism. 
To  his  mind,  the  journalistic  literature  of  a 
scientific  profession  did  not  fulfill  the  object  oi 
its  being  if  it  was  merely  a  record  of  passing 
events  or  a  vehicle  for  the  exchange  of  the  com- 
mon information  of  the  day — the  iteration  and 
reiteration  of  truths  known  to  all  men.  It  should 
be  the  prophet  of  the  higher  aspirations  of  the 
profession  it  represented,  the  torch-bearer  of  a 
wider  knowledge^  the  teacher  of  a  nobler  science, 

22 


the  inspiration  of  a  better  practice.  It  could  not 
stand  still ;  the  ideal  of  yesterday  should  be  the 
actual  of  today,  with  a  yet  higher  goal  set  for 
tomorrow's  effort.  Each  issue  should  be  a  sympo- 
sium of  the  freshest  thought  of  the  brightest 
minds,  to  the  end  that  those  who  read  should 
have  a  constant  stimulus  to  excel  and  thus  in 
time  to  offer  their  best  fruits  upon  a  common 
altar.  This  was  the  ideal  which  he  endeavored 
to  realize  in  his  conduct  of  the  "Dental  Cosmos.'  " 


Forty-four  years  of  continuous  and  steady 
development  had  elapsed  since  the  beginning 
of  the  enterprise  in  the  founding  of  the  "Den- 
tal News  Letter"  up  to  the  death  of  Dr.  J.  W. 
White  as  editor  of  the  "Dental  Cosmos''  and 
the  passing  of  the  journal  into  the  editorial 
charge  of  the  present  editor,  Edward  C.  Kirk, 
D.D.S.,  Sc.D.  Its  period  of  publication  had 
comprised  nearly  the  whole  professional  life- 
history  of  dentistry.  The  development  of  both 
the  profession  and  the  journal  has  been  syn- 
chronous and  parallel.  From  small  beginnings 
there  had  resulted  the  creation  of  a  fully 
equipped  and  organized  profession  with  its 
new  aims  and  multiplicity  of  interests,  which 

23 


CPdci^TlyHl  G/toH<j 


it  was  the  object  and  duty  of  the  "Cosmos" 
to  faithfully  portray  and  to  stimulate  to  greater 
activity  and  usefulness.  Beyond  and  above 
these  more  material  ends  was  the  high  standard 
of  professional  ideals  set  and  maintained  by 
the  group  of  his  illustrious  predecessors  which 
came  as  a  heritage  to  the  present  editor,  and 
which  in  the  acceptance  of  his  position  were 
the  unwritten  though  none  the  less  important 
of  his  responsibilities. 

No  periodical  in  dentistry  had  taken  higher 
ground  nor  maintained  it  more  consistently. 
The  "Dental  Cosmos"  had  from  its  first  issue 
voiced  the  best  thought  of  the  profession  it 
represented,  and  its  editorship  was  assumed  in 
the  frank  recognition  of  these  sentiments  and 
accepted  in  trust  to  be  utilized  in  the  further- 
ance of  the  best  interests  of  the  dental  pro- 
fession. 

With  the  continuing  onward  sweep  of  pro- 
fessional development  the  field  of  the  dental 
journal  is  ever  widening,  bringing  to  the  editor 
new  responsibilities,  new  situations  to  interpret, 
new  problems  to  grapple  with. 

Fifteen  years  ago,  only  a  little  while  before 
the  present  editor  assumed  control,  the  dis- 
tinguished editor  of  a  contemporary  dental 

25 


journal  made  the  assertion  that  "the  dental 
profession  is  largely  written  out." 

The  "Dental  Cosmos"  at  the  time  pointed 
out  the  absurdity  of  the  statement,  and  de- 
clared that  "neither  operative  nor  prosthetic 
dentistry  had  reached  the  Ultima  Thule  of 
practical  development,  and  until  they  shall 
have  done  so  the  books  cannot  be  closed  and 
the  official  notice  posted  up,  'Written  Out !'  " 

Its  pages  since  have  been  a  monthly  wit- 
ness to  the  advances  in  practical  and  theoretical 
dentistry;  have  chronicled  the  progress  of  the 
practical  through  the  scientific,  and  the  leads 
which  practical  dentistry  has  suggested  for 
scientific  research.  It  is  conducted  upon  the 
idea  that  the  science  and  practice  of  dentistry 
are  so  intimately  interwoven  that  they  can- 
not be  separated  but  to  its  detriment;  that  the 
one  serves  the  other,  and  that  both  are  neces- 
sary to  further  progress. 

The  present  editor  brought  to  his  duties  the 
rounded  equipment  of  years  of  practical  ex- 
perience, a  thorough  knowledge  of  the  litera- 
ture of  the  profession,  a  wide  acquaintance 
among  the  men  active  in  upholding  and  ad- 
vancing its  standards;  a  just  comprehension  of 
what  had  been  accomplished,  a  keen  apprecia- 

26 


tion  of  the  difficulties  to  be  encountered,  a 
lofty  ideal  of  the  possibilities  of  dentistr}^,  a 
courage  sufficient  for  the  task  before  him. 

He  has  kept  the  reading  pages  of  the  "Den- 
tal Cosmos"  clean,  free  from  the  taint  of  the 
advertising  spirit.  On  the  other  hand,  they 
have  been  and  are  free  and  open  to  the  un- 
trammeled  expression  of  opinion  upon  any 
professional  subject.  In  quality  as  in  quantity 
the  journalistic  literature  of  the  profession,  as 
expressed  in  the  "Dental  Cosmos,"  compares 
favorably  with  that  of  any  former  period,  con- 
stituting a  standing  refutation  of  the  charge 
that  the  "profession  is  largely  written  out." 
Above  all,  the  "Dental  Cosmos"  is  in  close 
touch  with  every  movement  for  the  further- 
ance of  the  profession's  higher  development 
along  whatever  plane  promises  practical,  scien- 
tific, or  ethical  growth.  Its  pages  form  an 
unerring  index  to  professional  thought,  an  in- 
spiration to  professional  progress. 

The  "Dental  Cosmos"  could  not  have  been 
the  factor  it  has  been  in  the  upbuilding  of  den- 

27 


tistry  but  for  the  broadly  g-enerous  attitude  of 
its  publisher.  Something  of  the  possibilities 
of  dental  progress  was  foreseen  when  the 
''Dental  News  Letter"  was  merged  into  the 
"Dental  Cosmos"  in  1859.  The  ideas  then 
outlined  as  before  referred  to  formed  the 
foundation  of  the  policy  since  adhered  to, 
namely,  the  fostering  of  the  profession's  "ad- 
vancement in  usefulness,  self-respect,  and  pub- 
lic regard."  Expense  should  not  be  allowed 
to  stand  in  the  way  of  making  the  "Dental 
Cosmos"  a  magazine  to  which  dentists  might 
invite  comparison  with  any  scientific  publica- 
tion. On  the  other  hand,  the  "Dental  Cos- 
mos" should  not  be  a  gift  enterprise.  It  was 
to  be  worth  its  price  and  the  price  would  have 
to  be  paid.  It  was  believed  that  there  were 
and  would  be  enough  dentists  who  would  ap- 
preciate and  support  the  effort  to  give  them  a 
magazine  whose  literary  and  scientific  char- 
acter would  of  itself  be  a  distinction  and  con- 
stitute a  title  to  the  respect  of  other  scientific 
professions. 

There  was  no  expectation  of  making  money 
out  of  it.  Otherwise  its  advertising  pages 
could  readily  have  been  filled  with  paying 
advertisements.    On  the  contrary,  a  strict  cen- 

28 


sorship  has  been  exercised  over  this  side  of 
the  magazine  to  the  end  that  the  advertising 
which  appeared  should  be  dental  and  of  a 
character  which  should  not  conflict  with  the 
high  aim  of  the  reading  pages. 

The  expectation  of  support  from  the  better 
elements  of  the  profession  was  realized.  The 
"Dental  Cosmos"  built  up  for  itself  a  clientele 
which  could  not  be  shaken  from  its  allegiance 
— a  clientele  composed  of  those  who  were  in- 
terested in  the  advancement  of  dentistry,  of 
those  who  wanted  to  know  the  "why"  as  well 
as  the  "how"  of  things.  And  this  clientele 
widened  as  the  profession  grew.  For  many 
years  the  "Dental  Cosmos"  has  almost  un- 
interruptedly possessed,  as  it  does  today,  the 
largest  paid  subscription  list  of  any  dental 
journal. 

aIJ|^  ^t0rg  of  thr  ^attat, 

Some  account  of  a  house  which  could  ori- 
ginate and  through  a  half  century  successfully 
carry  out  a  policy  like  this  may  not  be  unin- 
teresting. 

Its  founder,  Dr.  Samuel  Stockton  White, 
after  serving  an  apprenticeship  in  the  "art  and 

29 


mystery  of  dentistry  and  the  manufacture  of 
incorruptible  teeth,"  began  business  for  him- 
self in  1844  at  the  age  of  twenty-two. 

The  beginnings  of  the  business  were  very 
humble;  the  factory,  with  but  two  operatives, 
was  in  the  garret  of  a  dwelling-house  at  the 
corner  of  Seventh  and  Race  streets,  Philadel- 
phia, with  the  dental  office  in  a  room  in  the 
same  building.  Dr.  White  with  his  own  hands 
engraved  the  molds  for  the  first  and  for  a  long 
time  the  only  product,  porcelain  teeth.  The 
superior  forms  of  these  porcelain  teeth  quickly 
attracted  attention,  and  the  foundation  of  what 
has  come  to  be  the  largest  manufactory  of 
dentists'  supplies  in  the  world  was  laid. 

In  a  short  time  both  branches  of  the  busi- 
ness were  removed  to  Race  street  above 
Eighth.  In  1845  Dr.  White  took  in  as  part- 
ners in  the  manirfacturing  department  Asahel 
Jones,  of  New  York,  and  John  R.  McCurdy, 
of  Philadelphia.  In  1846  he  relinquished  the 
practice  of  dentistry  in  order  to  devote  his  en- 
tire time  to  the  manufacture  of  porcelain  teeth. 
In  1849  the  firm  removed  to  a  property  on 
Arch  street  below  Sixth,  which  had  been  pur- 
chased and  specially  fitted  up  for  the  business. 
In  1852  another  removal  to  a  still  more  com- 

30 


modious  structure  in  the  same  block  was 
necessitated. 

Branch  houses  were  established  in  New 
York  in  1846;  in  Boston  in  1850;  in  Chi- 
cago in  1858.  Mr.  McCurdy  withdrew  in 
1859,  and  Mr.  Jones  in  1861,  Dr.  White  pur- 
chasing the  interests  of  both.  The  business, 
under  his  skilful  guidance,  continued  to  grow 
rapidly;  from  the  manufacture  of  a  single 
article  it  had  developed  into  a  depot  of  sup- 
plies for  everything  then  pertaining  to  den- 
tistry. 

In  time  more  extensive  quarters  were  im- 
peratively needed,  and  in  October  1868,  the 
imposing  structure  at  the  southeast  corner  of 
Chestnut  and  Twelfth  streets,  extending  from 
Chestnut  to  Sansom  streets,  which  had  been 
erected  by  Dr.  White  and  fitted  up  expressly 
for  the  purpose,  was  occupied  as  a  manu- 
factory and  depot.  This  removal,  involving  a 
great  outlay,  was  a  long  step  forward,  and 
provided  an  increase  of  room  that  Dr.  White 
and  his  associates  believed  would  be  sufficient 
for  any  possible  requirement  of  the  business. 

On  December  30,  1879,  Dr.  White  died 
suddenly,  in  Paris,  France,  and  for  about  a 
year  and  a  half  the  business  was  carried  on  by 


the  trustees  of  his  estate — viz,  his  only  brother, 
Dr.  James  W.  White;  his  eldest  son,  J.  Clar- 
ence White;  and  Henry  M.  Lewis,  who  had 
been  for  a  number  of  years  his  cashier  and 
confidential  clerk. 

The  S.  S.  White  Dental  Mfg.  Co.,  which  was 
incorporated  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of 
Pennsylvania  with  a  paid-up  capital  of  one 
million  dollars,  assumed  control  July  1,  1881. 
In  this  company  was  also  included  the  business 
and  interests  of  the  firm  of  Johnston  Bros.,  of 
New  York,  which  had  been  for  several  years 
prominent  in  the  manufacture  of  dentists'  sup- 
plies. 
The  officers  of  the  Company  were — 

President:    Dr.  James  W.  White. 

General  Manager:    Henry  M.  Lewis. 

Secretary:    J.  Clarence  White. 

Treasurer:  Samuel  T.  Jones. 
The  business  continued  to  expand.  The 
great  building  at  Twelfth  and  Chestnut  streets, 
originally  supposed  to  be  large  enough  for  all 
possible  growth,  had  become  crowded,  so  that 
many  leading  products  could  not  be  made  di- 

32 


PRESIDENT    AND     DIRECTOR 


redly  in  the  establishment,  but  were  contracted 
for  with  the  best  outside  manufacturers  that 
could  be  found.  The  Johnston  Bros,  business 
brought  with  it  a  manufacturing  plant  located 
on  Staten  Island,  N.  Y.,  which  with  the  land  at- 
tached to  it  provided  facilities  for  a  different 
policy.  As  fast  and  as  far  as  possible  the  pro- 
duction of  goods  that  had  been  manufactured, 
outside  was  taken  into  one  or  other  of  its 
factories  by  the  Company. 

New  and  improved  machinery  was  rapidly 
added  to  the  Staten  Island  plant,  and  the  force 
of  operatives  largely  augmented.  In  a  very 
few  years  the  buildings  were  crowded  to  their 
utmost  capacity,  compelling  the  erection  of  ad- 
ditional factory  buildings,  which  are  among  the 
largest  and  best  appointed  in  the  land. 

Meanwhile  the  pressure  upon  the  Philadel- 
phia factory  continued  to  increase,  and  in  1890 
there  was  purchased  a  tine  building,  well 
adapted  to  the  business,  in  Frankford,  Phila- 
delphia, and  to  it  were  removed  the  depart- 
ments of  steel  instruments,  case-making  and 
cabinet-work,  and  some  of  less  importance  that 
had  for  a  considerable  time  occupied  rather 
cramped  quarters  at  Twelfth  and  Chestnut 
streets.    The  capacity  of  this  factory  has  since 

34 


GENERAL     MANAGER 


been  largely  increased  by  the  purchase  of  ad- 
joining properties  and  the  erection  of  additional 
buildings. 

The  demands  of  the  Southern  trade  led  to 
the  opening  of  a  branch  house  at  Atlanta,  Ga., 
in  January,  1891. 

On  May  27,  1891,  Dr.  James  W.  White 
died.  He  had  been  president  continuously 
since  the  formation  of  the  Company,  having 
previously  been  associated  with  his  brother 
Samuel  during  almost  the  entire  business 
career  of  the  latter. 

Mr.  Henry  M.  Lewis  was  made  president  to 
fill  the  vacancy,  and  Mr.  William  H.  Gilbert 
was  elected  general  manager.  Mr.  Gilbert  had 
at  that  time  been  connected  with  the  house  for 
twenty-six  years,  and  had  risen  successively 
to  positions  of  increased  importance  and  re- 
sponsibility. In  1887  he  was  appointed  by 
the  Board  of  Directors  general  superintendent 
of  all  the  manufacturing  operations  of  the 
Company,  so  that  his  training  had  eminently 
fitted  him  for  the  exacting  duties  of  the  posi- 
tion to  which  he  was  elected. 

The  growth  of  the  Company's  business  has 
continued  unceasingly,  its  history  being  a 
record    of    almost    uninterrupted    expansion, 

36 


necessitating-  for  its  successful  handling  the 
establishing  of  additional  branch  houses  as 
follows:  At  Buenos  Aires,  R.  A.,  in  1895;  at 
Berlin,  Germany,  in  1896;  at  Rochester,  N.  Y., 
in  1897;  at  St.  Petersburg,  Russia,  in  1899;  at 
Toronto,  Ont.,  Canada,  in  1900;  and  at  New 
Orleans,  La.,  in  1904. 

Meantime  the  demands  upon  the  Company's 
facilities  for  manufacturing  porcelain  teeth  be- 
came so  great  that  a  property,  85  x  130  feet, 
on  South  Twelfth  street,  was  purchased,  and  a 
superb  factory,  five  stories  and  basement,  was 
erected  upon  it.  This  entire  building,  with  the 
exception  of  one  tloor,  is  devoted  to  the  vari- 
ous processes  connected  with  the  making  of 
porcelain  teeth. 

In  April  1901,  Mr.  J.  Clarence  White  re- 
signed the  secretaryship,  and  Mr.  Constant  E. 
Jones  was  elected  his  successor.  Mr.  Jones 
had  demonstrated  his  business  capacity  by  his 
able  conduct  of  the  credit  department. 

In  January  1903,  Mr.  Samuel  T.  Jones, 
who  had  been  treasurer  of  the  Company  from 
its  foundation,  died,  and  Mr.  George  R.  Robin- 
son was  chosen  his  successor.  Mr.  Robinson 
was  for  many  years  bookkeeper  and  cashier 
of  the  Chicago  branch,  in  which  position  he 

38 


T  R  EAS  U  R  E  R 


showed  abilities  for  a  larger  field.     He  was 
consequently  transferred  to  Philadelphia,  where 
for  several  years  he  had  been  assistant  to  the 
treasurer. 
The  present  oftlcers  of  the  Company  are — 
President :   Henry  M.  Lewis. 
General  Manager:  William  H.  Gilbert. 
Secretary:   Constant  E.  Jones. 
Treasurer:    George  R.  Robinson. 
Directors:  Samuel  S.  White,  Jr.,  Algernon 
K.  Johnston,   Henry  M.   Lewis,  Andrew  W. 
Carey,  and  J.  Clarence  White. 


The  main  otiice,  center  of  direction,  and 
principal  salesrooms  of  the  Company  are  still 
located  in  the  building  at  the  southeast  corner 
of  Twelfth  and  Chestnut  streets,  Philadelphia. 
Originally  planned  and  built  by  the  founder  as 
the  permanent  home  of  the  entire  business, 
manufacturing  and  selling,  it  now  affords  space 
for  only  the  ollices,  the  sales  and  stock  and 
shipping  departments.  All  the  manufacturing 
departments,  by  reason  of  their  expansion, 
have  been  forced  froni  time  to  time,  as  here- 

40 


inbefore  noted,  to  seek  larger  quarters  than 
could  here  he  afforded  them.  To  meet  the 
new  conditions  the  interior  of  the  building  has 
been  almost  entirely  remodeled. 

The  general  offices  of  the  Company,  the 
accounting  department,  legal  department,  ad- 
vertising department,  and  the  publication  and 
editorial  offices  of  the  "Dental  Cosmos,"  oc- 
cupy the  third  floor. 

The  second  floor  is  the  salesroom  proper,  a 
splendidly  appointed  apartment,  41  x  230  feet, 
wherein  the  products  of  the  Company's  fac- 
tories are  arranged  for  easy,  intelligent,  and 
comparative  examination  by  patrons.  A  raised 
platform,  16  x  6o  feet,  affords  the  opportunity 
for  an  effective  showing  of  chairs,  spiral  flush 
spittoons,  engines,  electrical  appliances,  etc., 
in  actual  operation.  The  main  tooth  stock  is 
also  located  at  the  front  of  this  floor. 

On  the  fourth  floor  are  the  foreign  order 
branch  of  the  tooth  department,  travelers' 
headquarters,  electrical  experimental  rooms, 
etc. 

The  fifth  floor  is  the  repository  of  the  stock 
of  steel  instruments  and  miscellaneous  goods, 
where  wholesale  orders  are  filled. 

The   basement   contains   the   electric   light 

42 


Dl  R  ECTOR 


plant,  the  packing  and  shipping-  departments, 
etc. 

The  New  York  main  store,  managed  by  Mr. 
Charles  Kerby,  for  many  years  stock  clerk  at 
the  home  house  in  Philadelphia,  is  now  lo- 
cated on  the  sixth  floor  of  the  Spingler  Build- 
ing, a  handsome  new  oftlce  building,  Nos.  5,  7, 
and  9  Union  Square,  West.  It  is  headquarters 
for  the  supply  of  materials  to  dentists  in  the 
lower  part  of  New  York  and  surrounding 
country,  and  considerable  export  and  domestic 
wholesale  business  is  transacted  there.  An 
uptown  branch,  for  the  supply  of  the  dentists 
of  the  upper  part  of  New  York,  is  located  in 
the  Windsor  Arcade,  Fifth  avenue,  46th  and 
^17th  streets;  it  has  been  for  many  years  and 
still  is  under  the  management  of  Mr.  Norman 
S.  Towner.  There  is  also  a  branch  in  Brook- 
lyn, occupying  the  fifth  floor  of  the  Nassau 
Building,  Nos.  356  and  358  Fulton  street, 
under  the  direction  of  Mr.  Samuel  M.  Vreden- 
burgh,  who  for  a  long  term  of  years  served  the 
house  as  a  traveling  salesman.  At  these  two 
small  branches  the  stocks,  though  not  large  in 

44 


Dl  R  ECTOR 


amount,  are  about  *as  complete  in  variety  as 
at  the  main  store. 

The  Boston  house,  to  which  is  committed 
the  oversight  of  the  business  in  New  England 
and  some  of  the  Canadian  provinces,  is  lo- 
cated at  No.  120  Boylston  street,  Boston.  Its 
manager,  Mr.  John  F.  Davis,  brought  to  its 
duties  a  long  experience  in  the  house  of  which 
he  is  now  the  head.  His  branch  and  its  goods 
are  as  familiar  as  household  words  to  the  den- 
tists of  New  England. 

The  Chicago  branch,  one  of  the  largest  and 
most  important  of  the  subsidiary  houses,  is 
under  the  capable  control  of  Mr.  Charles  L. 
Bingham,  son  of  the  original  manager.  Mr. 
Bingham  was,  so  to  speak,  "brought  up"  in 
the  business,  developing  a  capacity  for  admin- 
istration which  has  amply  justitied  his  appoint- 
ment to  succeed  his  honored  father  in  the  con- 
tinuously growing  business  of  the  Chicago 
branch.  This  branch  is  located  at  No.  37  Ran- 
dolph street,  corner  of  Wabash  avenue. 

The  Atlanta  branch  is  in  the  Prudential 
Building,  Atlanta,  under  the  management  of 
Mr.  Frank  O.  Foster,  who,  as  the  able  lieuten- 
ant of  Mr.  Selby,  was  his  logical  successor, 
v/hen  death  claimed  the  hitter  something  over 

46 


Dl  R  ECTOR 


three  years  ago.  The  position  of  Atlanta  and 
its  railroad  connections  make  it  a  business 
strategical  point  of  tlrst  importance  in  dealing 
with  the  central  South. 

Mr.  Luis  Xiques,  the  head  of  the  South 
American  branch,  at  Calle  X'ictoria,  750, 
Buenos  Aires,  R.  A.,  is  a  long-time  employe 
of  the  Company.  His  travels  through  South 
America  in  its  interests  developed  the  need  of 
closer  relations  with  the  dentists  of  South 
America,  and  Buenos  Aires  seemed  to  be  the 
most  advantageous  location  for  it.  Originally 
an  experiment,  the  need  for  its  continuance 
became  more  and  more  apparent  the  longer 
the  experiment  was  tried.  At  the  end  of  two 
years  the  "experiment"  was  formally  adopted 
as  a  full-fledged  branch.  Under  the  tactful, 
energetic  administration  of  Mr.  Xiques,  it  has 
become  an  important  factor  in  the  business  of 
the  Company. 

For  some  years  before  establishing  a  branch 
house  on  European  soil,  the  need  for  it  was 
apparent.  Here  were  thousands  of  practi- 
tioners of  dentistry,  eager  for  the  best  appli- 
ances available,  who  had  shown  their  appre- 
ciation by  large  purchases  of  the  Company's 
products,  even  though  their  relations  with  it 

4S 


BRANCH  MANAGERS 


were  only  practicable  through  dealers.  The 
principal  question  was,  where  to  locate  it. 

This  question  was  tlnall}^  settled  in  favor 
of  Berlin,  and  in  the  latter  part  of  1896  a 
branch  house  was  established  there  at  No. 
n  Lindenstrasse,  under  the  management  of 
Mr.  Carl  Hahn.  Mr.  Hahn  had  had  large 
experience  in  another  house  which  manu- 
factured dentists'  supplies,  and  after  some 
months  spent  in  our  factories  and  salesrooms, 
he  returned  to  Berlin  thoroughly  permeated 
with  enthusiasm.  An  untiring  worker,  he 
placed  the  new  venture  on  a  successful  basis 
within  a  few  months.  Its  growth  has  been 
almost  continuous.  To  handle  its  business 
some  sixty-odd  employes  are  now  required. 

In  March  of  1899,  as  an  oiTshoot  of  the 
Berlin  business,  another  branch  was  estab- 
lished in  St.  Petersburg,  Russia,  under  the 
superintendence  of  Mr.  Hermann  Ubert,  who 
received  his  training  in  the  Berlin  house.  This 
also  has  had  a  satisfactory  career. 

In  1897,  at  the  request  of  many  dentists  in 
the  northwestern  part  of  the  state  of  New 
York,  a  branch  house  was  started  in  Rochester, 
and  Mr.  George  L.  Primrose,  who  had  traveled 
for  many  years  over  the  section  interested  as 

50 


T.F.GLENN 

NEW   ORUEANS 


S.M.URgDENBERG 

eROOKLYN,N.Y. 


GEO.  L.  PRIMROSE 

ROCHESTER. N.Y. 


(UPTOWN)        NEWYORK 


BRANCH     MANAGERS 


the  representative  of  the  Company,  was  made 
its  manager.  Mr.  Primrose  is  popular  and 
efficient,  and  serves  his  patrons  satisfactorily 
to  themselves  and  to  the  Company. 

Canadian  dentists  had  long  urged  upon  the 
officials  of  the  Company  the  need  of  a  direct 
representation  in  their  country.  In  1900  a 
branch  house  was  formally  launched  at  Nos. 
110  and  112  Victoria  street,  Toronto.  Mr. 
Seth  A.  Craige,  who  was  personally  kno\\ai 
to  most  of  the  Dominion  dentists  as  the  travel- 
ing representative  of  the  Company,  was  placed 
in  charge,  and  has  so  conducted  its  alTairs  that 
the  wisdom  of  the  move  has  been  abundantly 
proved. 

The  youngest  of  the  branch  houses  was 
formally  opened,  at  810-815  Hibernia  Build- 
ing, corner  of  Carondelet  and  Gravier  streets, 
New  Orleans,  in  March  of  the  current  year, 
with  Mr.  Thomas  F.  Glenn,  a  graduate  of  the 
Atlanta  house,  as  manager.  There  seems  no 
reason  why  it  should  not  be  as  successful  in 
its  degree  as  the  older  houses. 

It  will  thus  be  seen  that  the  Company  has 
steadily  grown,  its  business  expanding  from 
year  to  year.  In  its  manufacturing  operations 
it  has  been  actuated  by  the  same  spirit  which 

5^ 


BRANCH     MANAGERS 


dictated  its  policy  with  regard  to  the  "Dental 
Cosmos."  It  has  steadily  believed  and  as 
steadily  acted  upon  the  belief  that  there  was 
a  wide  field  for  the  employment  of  instruments 
and  appliances  of  the  highest  merit  possible 
to  produce.  Its  business  has  been  built  upon 
its  adherence  to  the  motto  "the  best  is  the 
cheapest,"  and  it  has  no  fear  that  there  will  be 
any  failure  to  support  its  elYorts  so  long"  as  that 
spirit  is  its  actuating  motive. 


54 


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